Steps in Using RDII Analyst for InfoSWMM, ICM and InfoSewer

Subject:  Steps in Using RDII Analyst for InfoSWMM, ICM and InfoSewer

Step 1: Create a Base UH  in the Operation Tab of the Attribute Browser using RDII Analyst (Figure 1)

Step 2: Assign a UH to at Least 1 Node Using the Inflow Icon  

Step 3: Open Up RDII Analyst and Click on New to Create a RDII Session    

Step 4: Define the Flow and Rainfall File     

Step 5: Review the Imported Flow Time Series Step 6: Review the Imported Rainfall  Time Series          

Step 7: Units and RDII Analyst Dates are Controlled by the Simulation Manager   

Step 8: Extract DWF from the Flow Time Series    

Step 9: Assign a UH to at Least 1 Node Using the Inflow Icon  

Step 10: View the DWF Pattern         

Step 11: Create the RDII Time Series          

Step 12: View the RDII Time Series   

Step 13: Run Once Feature to See how Good the Current RTK Parameters are in matching the monitored flow

Step 14: You can use Graph Control to show the mean of the Observed and Predicted RDII on one Graph.        

Step 15: Calibrate the RTK Parameters        

Step 16: Run the GA 

Step 17: Assign the Intermediate Answers  to the UH     

Step 18: View the Calibration Graph  

Step 19: Event Identification   

Step 20: Assign the Found DWF Pattern     

Step 21: Node DWF and RDII Inflow

Step 22: 3 RDII UH's Used in the Simulation of the RDII Flows 

 Figure 1.  RDII Analyst is part of the InfoSWMM or H2OMAP SWMM Suite but the derived RTK parameters can be used in either InfoSWMM, SWMM5, ICM or InfoSewer

There are Four factors in Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow or RDII in SWMM 5

There are Four factors in Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow or RDII in SWMM 5:

1.   The fractional response to Rainfall or R from 0 to 1
2.   The Time Base of the Unit Hydrograph or T in hours * Dimensionless K Shape Factor
3.   The Sewershed Contributing Area in acres or hectares and
4.   The Maximum, Initial Abstraction and Recovery Rate for R on a Monthly Basis in units of inches, mm or mm/day,
5.   The fifth and probably the most important factor is the Rainfall

How is RDII Storage Simulated in SWMM 5?

Subject:  How is RDII Storage Simulated in SWMM 5?

If you are using the SWMM 5 Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow(RDII)  feature you can also use the RDII storage parameters to change the RDII runoff by simulating the storage in the Sewershed.   The code in RDII.C as implemented by Lew Rossman of the EPA keeps track of used and unused initial abstraction or IA (Figure 1)

When there is rainfall the following actions are taken:

·         The raindepth available to be convoluted by the RDII unit hydrograph method is reduced by unused IA
·         The amount of IA used up is then updated 

When there is no rainfall

·         A portion of the IA already used is recovered using the recovery rate parameter and the variable IAUsed

Figure 1.  The long term effect of the RDII storage on the generated RDII Unit Hydrographs.  IA1, IA2 and IA3 are the Storage values for the short, medium and long term UH's.

Convolution of the RDII UH from R, T and K in SWMM 5

Subject:  Convolution of the RDII UH from R, T and K in SWMM 5

The convolution uses the value of R and the Time Base to estimate the amount of Infiltration and Inflow in the Sewer Network.  The short, medium and long term UH's are estimated at each Wet Hydrology time step to make a smooth hydrograph out of the R, T and  K parameters of the Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Infiltration Method (Figure 1).  The three UH's can be displaced as well if you use the RTK storage parameters (Figure 2)

Figure 1.  The short, medium and long UH's are convoluted in SWMM 5 from the Rainfall Time Series.

Figure 2.   The Initial Abstraction Depth can be used to shift the generated UH in time or reduce the peak flow and total volumes.

c.

RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer

Subject:  RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer

The RDII method in InfoSewer is similar to the RDII or RTK  method in  InfoSWMM with some differences.    The RTK data for triangles 1, 2 and 3 are defined in the Unit Hydrograph but instead of individual R values, the overall R is set and the Percent R1,  R2 and R3 are defined based on the total  R.  R3 is calculated internally as 100 – R1 – R2.   Each loading manhole with RDII flow has a total  area, a hyetograph and a Unit Hydrograph.  The hyetograph has to be set at multiples of the unithydrograph, so you can define the time or X columns with integers and then use the Block Edit command to change X to minutes by multiplying  by the Unit Hydrograph time (Figure 1).   You can use only one component if you set R1 or R2 to 100 percent or R3 to 100 percent by setting R1 and R2 to 0 percent (Figure 2).  The overall area of the Unit Hydrograph is divided amongst the loading manhole using the Subbasin Area (Figure 3).   The storm flows generated can be viewed using a Group Graph (Figure 4).

Figure 1.   Hyetograph Curve for the RDII Unit Hydrograph

Figure 2.  The Unit Hydrograph is defined for various values of R, R1,  R2, T1,  T2,  T3, K1,  K2 and  K3.

Figure 3.  The Unit Hydrograph and Hyetograph are tied to a particular loading manhole using a Subbasin Area.

Figure 4.  The Unit Hydrographs that are generated can be viewed using a Group loading Manhole Graph.  The R1, R2 and R3 have only one triangle.

 .

RDII Initial Abstraction in SWMM 5

Subject:  RDII Initial Abstraction in SWMM 5

The initial abstraction in each of the three components of RDII in SWMM 5 are updated at each time step.  The initialabstraction (ia) is:

ia = iaMax - iaUsed

based on the maximum amount of ia, the ia used (iaUsed), the recovery rate (iaRecov) and the month and class of RDII.  You can enter a value for iaMax, iaInit and iaRecov for each month.

The iaUsed at the beginning of the simulation is set equal to iaInit

and if there is no rainfall

RDII Parameters for SWMM 5

Subject:  RDII Parameters for SWMM 5

There are three types of RDII Response, six different parameters and an annual and optional twelve monthly sets of distinctparameters.

.

The Time Base is T + T*K from the Time(T) and Storage (K) values for RDII in SWMM5

Note:  Each of the RDII UH's has a base time for the convolution of the RDII from each UH.  The Time Base is T + T*K from the Time(T) and Storage (K) values  used in the RTK data.  In this particular case:

·         The Fast UH has a time base of 22 hours,

·         The Medium UH has a time base of 430 hours, and

·         The Slow UH has a time base of 4212 hours.

If this is altered as in the  bottom image you can see the difference in the total  RDII I&I Flow

·         The Fast UH has a time base of 22 hours,

·         The Medium UH has a time base of 36 hours, and

·         The Slow UH has a time base of 52 hours.

Two Methods to Calibrate RDII RTK parameters in H2OMAP SWMM and InfoSWMM

Two Methods to Calibrate RDII RTK parameters in H2OMAP SWMM and InfoSWMM

There are two methods to calibrate the RTK parameters for RDII Analysis in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM.  The two methods are similar but use a different approach to calibrate the data:

1.       The RDII Hydrograph component of the Calibrator Add On also uses a Genetic Algorithm to calibrate the upstream RDII locations based on monitored flow but using the hydraulic network for the calibration.
2.      The RDII Analyst uses a Genetic Algorithm to Calibrate the RTK parameters for one location using monitored rainfall and flow data.  This calibration does not take into account the hydraulic routing in the network. 

Figure 1.  RDII Analyst and GA Calibrator

How to Use the H2OMAP SWMM Calibrator for RTK Calibration

Subject:  How to Use the H2OMAP SWMM Calibrator for RTK Calibration

Step 1.   Initial Guess of the RTK data as the start of the Messy Genetic Algorithm process

Step 2. Use Min and Max Bounds of 50 and 150 Respectively and Apply the Solution at each iteration

Step 3. Check the Comparison Graph and Correlation Coefficient at Each Step

Step 4.  It should take just a few iterations if you have a good estimate of the initial RTK parameters

Step 5. Final Values with a Rsquare of 0.96 between Observed and Simulated

 

How is RDII Storage Simulated in SWMM 5?

Subject:  How is RDII Storage Simulated in SWMM 5?

How is RDII Storage Simulated in SWMM 5? by dickinsonre Subject:  How is RDII Storage Simulated in SWMM 5? If you are using the SWMM 5 Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow(RDII)  feature you can also use the RDII storage parameters to change the RDII runoff by simulating the storage in the Sewershed.   The code in RDII.C as implemented by Lew Rossman of the EPA keeps track of used and unused initial abstraction or IA (Figure 1) When there is rainfall the following actions are taken: ·         The raindepth available to be convoluted by the RDII unit hydrograph method is reduced by unused IA ·         The amount of IA used up is then updated   When there is no rainfall ·         A portion of the IA already used is recovered using the recovery rate parameter and the variable IAUsed  Figure 1.  The long term effect of the RDII storage on the generated RDII Unit Hydrographs.  IA1, IA2 and IA3 are the Storage values for the short, medium and long term UH's. via Blogger http://www.swmm5.net/2013/08/how-is-rdii-storage-simulated-in-swmm-5.html

Four factors in Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow or RDII in SWMM 5

There are Four factors in Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow or RDII in SWMM 5:

There are Four factors in Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow or RDII in SWMM 5 by dickinsonre There are Four factors in Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Inflow or RDII in SWMM 5: 1.   The fractional response to Rainfall or R from 0 to 1 2.   The Time Base of the Unit Hydrograph or T in hours * Dimensionless K Shape Factor 3.   The Sewershed Contributing Area in acres or hectares and 4.   The Maximum, Initial Abstraction and Recovery Rate for R on a Monthly Basis in units of inches, mm or mm/day, 5.   The fifth and probably the most important factor is the Rainfall via Blogger http://www.swmm5.net/2013/08/there-are-four-factors-in-rainfall.html

Steps in Using RDII Analyst for InfoSWMM, ICM and InfoSewer

Subject:  Steps in Using RDII Analyst for InfoSWMM, ICM and InfoSewer

Steps in Using RDII Analyst for InfoSWMM, ICM and InfoSewer by dickinsonre Subject:  Steps in Using RDII Analyst for InfoSWMM, ICM and InfoSewer  Step 1: Create a Base UH  in the Operation Tab of the Attribute Browser using RDII Analyst (Figure 1) Step 2: Assign a UH to at Least 1 Node Using the Inflow Icon   Step 3: Open Up RDII Analyst and Click on New to Create a RDII Session     Step 4: Define the Flow and Rainfall File      Step 5: Review the Imported Flow Time Series Step 6: Review the Imported Rainfall  Time Series           Step 7: Units and RDII Analyst Dates are Controlled by the Simulation Manager    Step 8: Extract DWF from the Flow Time Series     Step 9: Assign a UH to at Least 1 Node Using the Inflow Icon   Step 10: View the DWF Pattern          Step 11: Create the RDII Time Series           Step 12: View the RDII Time Series    Step 13: Run Once Feature to See how Good the Current RTK Parameters are in matching the monitored flow Step 14: You can use Graph Control to show the mean of the Observed and Predicted RDII on one Graph.         Step 15: Calibrate the RTK Parameters         Step 16: Run the GA  Step 17: Assign the Intermediate Answers  to the UH      Step 18: View the Calibration Graph   Step 19: Event Identification    Step 20: Assign the Found DWF Pattern      Step 21: Node DWF and RDII Inflow Step 22: 3 RDII UH's Used in the Simulation of the RDII Flows    Figure 1.  RDII Analyst is part of the InfoSWMM or H2OMAP SWMM Suite but the derived RTK parameters can be used in either InfoSWMM, SWMM5, ICM or InfoSewer  via Blogger http://www.swmm5.net/2013/08/steps-in-using-rdii-analyst-for.html

Convolution of the RDII UH from R, T and K in SWMM 5

Subject:  Convolution of the RDII UH from R, T and K in SWMM 5

Convolution of the RDII UH from R, T and K in SWMM 5 by dickinsonre Subject:  Convolution of the RDII UH from R, T and K in SWMM 5 The convolution uses the value of R and the Time Base to estimate the amount of Infiltration and Inflow in the Sewer Network.  The short, medium and long term UH's are estimated at each Wet Hydrology time step to make a smooth hydrograph out of the R, T and  K parameters of the Rainfall Dependent Infiltration and Infiltration Method (Figure 1).  The three UH's can be displaced as well if you use the RTK storage parameters (Figure 2) Figure 1.  The short, medium and long UH's are convoluted in SWMM 5 from the Rainfall Time Series. Figure 2.   The Initial Abstraction Depth can be used to shift the generated UH in time or reduce the peak flow and total volumes. c. via Blogger http://www.swmm5.net/2013/08/convolution-of-rdii-uh-from-r-t-and-k.html

RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer

Subject:  RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer

RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer by dickinsonre Subject:  RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer The RDII method in InfoSewer is similar to the RDII or RTK  method in  InfoSWMM with some differences.    The RTK data for triangles 1, 2 and 3 are defined in the Unit Hydrograph but instead of individual R values, the overall R is set and the Percent R1,  R2 and R3 are defined based on the total  R.  R3 is calculated internally as 100 – R1 – R2.   Each loading manhole with RDII flow has a total  area, a hyetograph and a Unit Hydrograph.  The hyetograph has to be set at multiples of the unithydrograph, so you can define the time or X columns with integers and then use the Block Edit command to change X to minutes by multiplying  by the Unit Hydrograph time (Figure 1).   You can use only one component if you set R1 or R2 to 100 percent or R3 to 100 percent by setting R1 and R2 to 0 percent (Figure 2).  The overall area of the Unit Hydrograph is divided amongst the loading manhole using the Subbasin Area (Figure 3).   The storm flows generated can be viewed using a Group Graph (Figure 4).  Figure 1.   Hyetograph Curve for the RDII Unit Hydrograph    Figure 2.  The Unit Hydrograph is defined for various values of R, R1,  R2, T1,  T2,  T3, K1,  K2 and  K3.  Figure 3.  The Unit Hydrograph and Hyetograph are tied to a particular loading manhole using a Subbasin Area. Figure 4.  The Unit Hydrographs that are generated can be viewed using a Group loading Manhole Graph.  The R1, R2 and R3 have only one triangle.  . via Blogger http://www.swmm5.net/2013/08/rdii-or-tri-triangular-unit-hydrograph.html

RDII Intial Abstraction in SWMM 5

Subject:  RDII Initial Abstraction in SWMM 5

RDII Initial Abstraction in SWMM 5 by dickinsonre Subject:  RDII Initial Abstraction in SWMM 5  The initial abstraction in each of the three components of RDII in SWMM 5 are updated at each time step.  The initialabstraction (ia) is:  ia = iaMax - iaUsed  based on the maximum amount of ia, the ia used (iaUsed), the recovery rate (iaRecov) and the month and class of RDII.  You can enter a value for iaMax, iaInit and iaRecov for each month.    The iaUsed at the beginning of the simulation is set equal to iaInit and if there is no rainfall via Blogger http://www.swmm5.net/2013/08/rdii-initial-abstraction-in-swmm-5.html

RDII Import into InfoSWMM

Note: InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM can import any version of the RDII Unit Hydrograph data from SWMM 5.0.001 to SWMM 5.0.021 using the Import manager command. The difference is that SWMM 5.0.013 and earlier versions had less initial abstraction data and versions after SWMM 5.0.014 had more initial abstraction data. However, the Import Manager detects the version and imports the data correctly. SWMM 5.0.013 stored 9 RTK and 3 Initial Abstraction parameters and later versions 9 RTK and 9 Initial Abstraction parameters. InfoSWMM will import any format into the current version of InfoSWMM or H20MAP SWMM, which is based on SWMM 5.0.018 but will soon be based on SWMM 5.0.021.

SWMM 5.0.001 to 5.0.013 RDII UH Data

SWMM 5.0.014 to 5.0.021 RDII UH Data

InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM will have 9 RTK and 9 Initial Abstraction Parameters.

Time Base is T + T*K from the Time(T) and Storage (K) values

Note: Each of the RDII UH’s has a base time for the convolution of the RDII from each UH. The Time Base is T + T*K from the Time(T) and Storage (K) values used in the RTK data. In this particular case:
· The Fast UH has a time base of 22 hours,
· The Medium UH has a time base of 430 hours, and
· The Slow UH has a time base of 4212 hours.
If this is altered as in the bottom image you can see the difference in the total RDII I&I Flow
· The Fast UH has a time base of 22 hours,
· The Medium UH has a time base of 36 hours, and
· The Slow UH has a time base of 52 hours.