How is the Volume Calculated in the SWMM 5 Groundwater Component?

Subject:   How is the Volume Calculated in the SWMM 5 Groundwater Component?

The groundwater component of SWMM 5 is found in the gwater.c code.  It (as is all of SWMM 5) is excellently written in small functions by Lew Rossman of the EPA during the SWMM 5 development process.  However, code being code sometimes it is easier to see how the code is functioning.  This blog or note tries to show that function. 

The groundwater component consists of groundwater data (gw in the equation) and aquifer data (a) in the equation.  The equation for the groundwater volume is shown in Figure 1.   The volume is the water content (theta) times the upper depth and the porosity of the aquifer times the lower depth (Figure 2).

Figure 1.  Groundwater Volume Calculations

Figure 2.  Lower and Upper Depth of the Groundwater Compartrment

Hierarchy of Your Network in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM

Subject:  Hierarchy of Your Network in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM

In both InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM you can run a subset of the network by using the Facility Manager to make part of thenetwork inactive and not solved.  You can make the output files smaller if you are performing a continuous simulation and save only the results of All, the Domain Only or a Selection Set to the graphical output file (Figure 1).   Figure 2 shows a few ways to query, view, graph and perform statistics for the model run.

Figure 1.  Options for saving the Active Network Data to the Graphical Output Data Set.

Figure 2.  Output View, Query and Graphical Options.c.

Import of Sections from SWMM 5 into InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM

Subject:   Import of Sections from SWMM 5 into InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM

A very useful hidden feature of the import SWMM 5 to InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM is the ability to import all of the data or just one section.  For example, you can import the LID data, DWF patterns, control rules, pollutants, transects and other data that is transferable between different networks.

 

History of SWMM to the Year 2005

Subject:   History of SWMM to the Year 2005

Note on the symbols:  The Gator is the University of Florida and the Beaver is Oregon State University.  The connection is they are both associated with water and Dr Wayne Huber.

For Post 2005 History of SWMM 5 you can see the history of SWMM 5 on the SWMM5 Wikipedia page

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_Water_Management_Model

How is the Mass Balance Calculated in the SWMM 5 Groundwater Component?

Subject:   How is the Mass Balance Calculated in the SWMM 5 Groundwater Component?

The groundwater component of SWMM 5 is found in the gwater.c code.  It (as is all of SWMM 5) is excellently written in small functions by Lew Rossman of the EPA during the SWMM 5 development process.  However, code being code sometimes it is easier to see how the code is functioning.  This blog or note tries to show the mass balance local function updateMassBal

The groundwater component consists of groundwater data (gw in the equation) and aquifer data (a) in the equation.  The equation for the groundwater mass balance is shown in Figure 1.   The infiltration, evaporation occur only over the perviousarea but the percolation out the bottom of the aquifer occurs over the whole Subcatchment.

Figure 1.  Groundwater Mass Balance

Node Comparison in InfoSWMM and InfoSewer

Note:  Node Comparison in InfoSWMM and InfoSewer 

1)    Is there an option to set the manhole sealing method (i.e. locked 

or unlocked) in InfoSWMM?  You set the Surcharged depth to a positive value to prevent flooding and keep the pipes under pressure.  You will still have flooding once the water surface elevation reaches the maximum depth + surcharge depth.  Unlike inInfoSewer the depths are not unlimited.

 2)    Is defining manhole diameter in InfoSWMM available?  You can set the default surface area of a node or make it a storagenode.  

 3)    Does InfoSWMM allow me to create parallel pipes with the same 

attributes similar to InfoSewer?  You can set the number of barrels in the attribute browser of DB Editor in InfoSWMM.

 

 4)    Can you please confirm that the only element allowed to leave a 

storage unit in InfoSWMM is a pump?  No, this is not true.  You can have a gravity main, orifice or weir leave a storage pond or lake.

 5)    Is there a tool to check for pipe diameter discrepancies in 

InfoSWMM similar to InfoSewer?  Yes, we have a similar Engineering Review and Network Audit Tools

6)    For load patterns, I do not see an option between stepwise and 

continuous in InfoSWMM, or is there?  InfoSWMM really only has stepwise linear DWF pattern though you can have a time series of inflows as well which gives you complete flexibility.

 7)    Does InfoSWMM offer modeling I&I using pipe length, pipe surface 

area etc… like in InfoSewer?   You can but there in not an easy translation,  You have Rainfall Induced Infiltration at a Node. You can relate this to the pipe length but it is not straightforward.

 8)    Is steady state simulation and design simulation available in 

InfoSWMM similar to InfoSewer?  You can do Steady State easily but design uses a Genetic Algorithm technique if you have InfoSWMMSuite.

How to Calculate the Freeboard of a Node in InfoSWMM/H2OMAP SWMM from the Model Results

Note:   How to Calculate the Freeboard of a Node in InfoSWMM/H2OMAP SWMM from the Model Results

The freeboard for a node in InfoSWMM/H2OMAP SWMM can be calculated with a 4 step process:

1.   Copy the Node Rim Elevations from the DB Tables for Junctions to Excel,

2.   Run the model and then copy the Maximum HGL from the Junction Summary output table to Excel,

3.   Calculate the Freeboard in Excel as the Rim Elevation minus the Maximum HGL in Excel,

4.   Create a new column called Freeboard in the Junction Information DB Table and paste the Freeboard from Excel.

You will be able to perform Map Displays or Map Queries now using the new Freeboard information column.

InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM Import and Export of HEC-RAS Geometry Data

InfoSWMM v11 and H2OMAP SWMM v10 have new import and export features for HEC-RAS interaction.   The echange commands are in the exchange menu (Table 1) and you can import HEC-RAS geometry files (Figure 1), edit imported Transect Data (Figure 2 and 3) and export thedata back to a HEC-RAS geometry file (Figure 4 and 5 and Table 2).

Exchange	Import Manager
Exchange	Export Manager
Exchange	ODBC Exchange
Exchange	Import Generate File
Exchange	Import…
Exchange	(Conveyance Nodes)
Exchange	Conveyance (Links)
Exchange	(Disable Auto-Length Calculation)
Exchange	Export…
Exchange	Export Generate File
Exchange	(Conveyance Nodes)
Exchange	Conveyance (Links)
Exchange	(Disable Auto-Length Calculation)
Exchange	Convert Polyline
Exchange	Import EPA SWMM 5
Exchange	Export EPA SWMM 5
Exchange	Import HEC-RAS Data
Exchange	Export HEC-RAS Data
Exchange	Export Hotstart File
Exchange	Append Nodes
Exchange	GIS Gateway

Table 1.  Exchange commands in InfoSWMM and/or H2OMAP SWMM

Figure 1.   Import HEC-RAS command imports Geometry Files which will have the extension go1, go2 etc.

Figure 2.   The imported Transects can be viewed and edited in the Operations Tab  of the InfoSWMM Browser.

Figure 3.   The imported Transects can be used as a SWMM 5 Irregular Channel Transect.

Figure 4.   Export HEC-RAS command exports a geometry file containing the active Transects in InfoSWMM.

Figure 5.   Export HEC-RAS allows you to choose a directory and a name for the exported geometry file.

GEOM Title= MWHS-SWMM Export to HEC-RAS

River Reach= CHO

Type RM Length L Ch R = 1 ,5.065 ,471.716902,515.260000,471.716902

BEGIN DESCRIPTION:

River Mile 5.065

END DESCRIPTION:

#Sta/Elev= 68

       0   214.4      11   213.9      39   212.3      41   211.8     141   209.6

     174   208.0     275   205.1     293   203.9     297   201.6     299   201.3

     307   199.9     313   200.8     316   202.1     329   203.4     329   205.4

     366   208.6     413   208.5     417   208.3     429   206.2     434   205.8

     441   203.4     447   206.3     449   206.4     488   208.1     502   208.1

     506   208.1     550   207.0     559   206.1     566   205.9     566   205.9

     575   205.8     585   206.7     587   206.6     624   205.9     638   206.0

     644   205.9     651   205.8     667   206.8     681   207.3     696   207.7

     723   207.8     724   207.8     739   207.5     763   208.1     787   209.1

     816   209.3     920   210.0     970   209.8     998   209.8    1055   209.8

    1076   209.5    1079   209.6    1097   209.9    1108   210.1    1130   210.4

    1225   210.6    1358   211.1    1372   211.1    1419   211.3    1426   210.6

    1443   211.4    1472   211.5    1647   211.5    1670   211.5    1745   211.7

    1796   212.2    1868   213.4    1888   214.2

#Mann= 3 , 1 , 0

       0     0.1       0     275    0.04       0     366    0.08       0

Bank Sta=274.500000,365.500000

                               

Table 2.   The exported HEC-RAS Geometry File from InfoSWMM

InfoSewer and H2OMAP Sewer New Features in 2011/2013

Subject: InfoSewer and H2OMAP Sewer New Features in 2011/2013

InfoSewer for Arc GIS 9 and 10 and  H2OMAP Sewer had a many engine and GUI enhancements during 2011 to allow the programs to work better for models up to 50,000 elements that simulate water quality and hydrology.  The improvements now allow large models to be run with smaller report and simulation time steps and provide a Mass Balance Check  at the end of the report file for the user to easily check the model results.  The new ForceMain Solution for EPS simulations now allows the simulation of complicated Force Main Loops in the network without the need for making simplifying network connection assumptions.  The engine changes make InfoSewerandH2OMAP Sewer more robust for large models and small time steps while  providing better solution error checking and routing.  The enhanced Output Report Manager shows all of the possible Node and  Link Output Variables in Graphs, Tables and Advanced HGL Labeling.  The year 2011 was a year in which the internal engine ofInfoSewer and H2OMAP Sewer were improved and also a year in which more simulation output information was shown to the user so that they can both understand and explain the modeling results in a more confident fashion.

Figure 1.  Three Temporal Solutions in InfoSewer and H2OMAP Sewer

The three types of solutions in InfoSewer and  H2OMAP Sewer: Steady State, Design and Extended Period Simulations had other new features in InfoSewer and H2OMAPSewer which include

·         Advanced Forcemain Network Support (Figure 3)

·         Plan Profile Plotting of the Input Network

·         Mass Balance Table for EPS Simulations (Figure 3)

·         Advanced Node and Link labeling for HGL Plots

·         A complete list of node, link graphics for all Output Attribute Browser Variables

·         Better memory allocation for long simulation and enhanced memory allocation for plot with many data points

·         Improved Memory Management for Water Quality, Pumping and Unit Hydrograph Simulations

·         Expanded Output Manager Tabular Reports for EPS Simulations

·         Expanded Warning and Error messages in the text report file

·         Enhanced water quality routing through force mains, pumps and wet wells (Figure 2)

·         Enhanced export to H2OMAP SWMM

·         Enhanced simulation of small hyetograph time steps for hydrographs

·         Expanded output for the Design Feature of H2OMAP Sewer

·         Improvements to the DB Editor for Import of GIS and  OBDC data

·         The ability to run longer simulations with shorter report time steps

·         Enhancements to the pump allocation routine for Steady State and EPS runs

·         Improvements to the ranges of the solution parameters for the Muskingum-Cunge modified solution

·         Output Graphics can now be shown down to a 1 second report step.

Figure 2.  Example InfoSewer Network with Multiple Upstream and Downstream Force Main Links.

Figure 3.  The new ForceMain Solution allows InfoSewer and H2OMAP Sewer to simulate Force Main Splitting and Joining

Figure 4.  Mass Balance Check in InfoSewer and H2OMAP Sewer now shows the user the  total inflow, storage and  total outflow during the EPS Simulation.

How to Search These Blogs for Information about SWMM5, InfoSWMM or InfoSewer

Note:  How to Search These Blogs for Information

In each of the blogs search  for a term or a set of terms using the search button.   For example, here is http://swmm5.blogspot.com with a search for venant or SWMM5.NET

An equivalent Search in http://www.swmm2000.com

An equivalent Search in http://swmm5.wordpress.com/  or SWMM5.ORG

An equivalent Search in http://swmm5.posterous.com