Pretty good it appears.
In a piece back in April at RealClimate, guest bloggers Geert Jan van Oldenborgh and Rein Haarsma of the Dutch Meterological Institute (KNMI) look at back at a 1981 paper by the now famous James Hansen and others. At the time, of course, neither Hansen or global warming were household names. Still the paper got noticed. As the Oldenborgh and Haarsma explain:
"They got 10 pages in Science, which is a lot, but in it they cover radiation balance, 1D and 3D modelling, climate sensitivity, the main feedbacks (water vapour, lapse rate, clouds, ice- and vegetation albedo); solar and volcanic forcing; the uncertainties of aerosol forcings; and ocean heat uptake."
The Hansen et al paper includes (among other things) a plot of predicted global temperatures as a function of time. Oldenborgh and Haarsem take this figure and overplot the actual real world data gathered since the paper appeared. The fit between the Hansen et al predictions and the behavior of the Earth's climate is remarkably good. This is even more remarkable when you realize your iPhone now might have comparable computing power to the machines they were running their simulations on.
The lesson to draw from all of this is obvious. The basic principles of climate science has been mature for a while. While there remain significant issues to understand such as the local response to global (human-driven) CO2 increases, the links between greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse driven climate change is decades old news.
Perhaps, during this crazy summer, that news is finally getting past the denier screen and reaching the general public.
Autodesk Technologist with Information about Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) for watershed water quality, hydrology and hydraulics modelers (Note this blog is not associated with the EPA). You will find Blog Posts on the Subjects of SWMM5, ICM SWMM, ICM InfoWorks, InfoSWMM and InfoSewer.
Thursday, July 26, 2012
How to Make a SWMM 5 Interface File from InfoSWMM
How is the Orifice Setting Used in SWMM 5 RTC Rules?
Subject: How is the Orifice Setting Used in SW
The Real Time Control Rule for Orifice Setting can be a function of a Setting constant, Setting
Figure 1. The Possibilities for defining the Setting of an Orifice in SWMM 5 from a H2OMAP SWMM RTC dialog.
Figure 2. The Setting affects the Full Depth of the Orifice at each time step. The setting which ranges from 0 to 1 can either completely close or open the orifice.
|
Wednesday, July 25, 2012
How to Simulate Pipe Blockage in InfoSewer Emoji version
For making one or more of your pumps inactive you just need to use the Facility Manager and make the pumps inactive (the grey lines in Figure 2). The other method of making the gravity mains have a really small diameter will not work as the flow is pushed through anyway and the value of q/Q full is very high. One way to do what you want to do is to use a Flow Split and make the flow in the blocked link very small as a fraction of the incoming flow. You will need to add a new link and out fall to handle the excess flow from the pipe blockage (Figure 1).
(Figure 1) |
Subject: 📚 Comprehensive Guide on Simulating Pipe Blockage in InfoSewer 🚧
The hydraulic model in InfoSewer offers a robust and dynamic 🌀 approach to simulate various scenarios, including blockages in pipes. Whether due to sediment build-up 🍂, debris 🌲, or other obstructions, pipe blockages can significantly influence the hydraulic performance of a sewer system. Simulating these events accurately is crucial for effective wastewater management 💧 and system optimization. Here's a comprehensive guide on how to simulate pipe blockages in InfoSewer:
1. Deactivating Pumps 🔌:
- Navigate to the Facility Manager 🖥️.
- Locate the pumps you wish to deactivate 🔍.
- Switch the status of these pumps to inactive. You'll notice the lines associated with these pumps turn grey (as illustrated in Figure 2).
- This process effectively simulates a scenario where these pumps are not operational, thereby influencing the flow dynamics in the associated pipes.
2. Gravity Mains with Reduced Diameter 🔍:
- Reducing the diameter of gravity mains to a very small size doesn't accurately represent a blockage.
- Despite the reduced diameter, the hydraulic model in InfoSewer pushes the flow through 🌊. This results in an unrealistically high q/Q full value.
3. Implementing a Flow Split ⚖️:
- Introduce a Flow Split at the location where you wish to simulate the blockage.
- Adjust the flow in the blocked link to be a small fraction of the incoming flow 🚰.
- Introduce a new link and an outfall (as depicted in Figure 1) to manage the diverted flow.
4. Additional Considerations 📝:
- Regular Inspections 🕵️♂️: Regularly inspecting and cleaning the sewer lines can prevent blockages.
- Emergency Overflow Paths 🚨: Having provisions for emergency overflow paths can be beneficial.
- Calibration 🔧: Calibrate the model using actual flow data for accuracy.
In conclusion, simulating pipe blockages in InfoSewer requires a thorough understanding of the system's hydraulics and the software's capabilities. The steps above offer a comprehensive approach to accurate simulations, aiding in better wastewater management decisions 🌐.
InfoSWMM Version 12 Revs Up Modeling Performance With HEC-22 and 64-Bit Support
InfoSWMM Version 12 Revs Up Modeling Performance With HEC-22 and 64-Bit Support
Latest Software Release Supports Faster Time to Design and Lower Analysis Costs
| |||||
Broomfield, Colorado USA, July 25, 2012 — In its ongoing quest to equip the wastewater industry with the world’s most comprehensive and innovative smart network modeling and management solutions, Innovyze, a leading global innovator of business analytics software and technologies for wet infrastructure, today announced the worldwide availability of the V12 Generation of its industry-leading InfoSWMM for ArcGIS (Esri, Redlands, CA). InfoSWMM V12 enables engineers to work more efficiently and reliably with very large and complex network models, thanks to improvements in such areas as HEC-22 inlet support, built-in 64-bit simulation, enhanced water quality modeling, and batch run scenario management that will positively impact modeling teams each and every day. The only urban drainage modeling solution certified by the National Association of GIS-centric Software, the full-featured InfoSWMM analysis and design program delivers the highest rate of return in the industry. All operations of a typical sewer system — from analysis and design to management functions such as water quality assessment, pollution prediction, sediment transport and deposition, urban flooding, real-time control, and record keeping — are addressed in a single, fully integrated geoengineering environment. The program’s powerful hydraulic and water quality computational engine is based on the current SWMM 5 version, which is endorsed by the USEPA and certified by FEMA. These features and more result in an enhanced modeling experience and greater realism of displayed results — advantages that translate to increased productivity, reduced costs, higher accuracy, better efficiency, and improved designs. InfoSWMM also serves as a robust base platform for advanced modeling, operational, capital planning, and analytics-driven asset management extensions. Some of these critical applications include InfoSWMM 2D (two-dimensional surface flood modeling), CapPlan (risk-based capital planning and asset performance modeling),InfoMaster (GIS-centric asset management), and RDII Analyst (rainfall-dependent inflow and infiltration planning and analysis). The release of InfoSWMM V12 extends previous generations’ capabilities with significant modeling enhancements and groundbreaking innovations in geoengineering productivity and efficiency. These improvements greatly simplify, accelerate, and integrate urban drainage network engineering, helping wastewater engineers develop better designs and operational improvements faster. Key new built-in modeling and computational tools include:
“Our priorities have always been to advance the frontiers of smart network modeling technology and support our customers’ successes by helping them be more productive and competitive,” said Paul F. Boulos, Ph.D., BCEEM, Hon.D.WRE, Dist.D.NE, F.ASCE, President and Chief Operating Officer of Innovyze. “This major InfoSWMMrelease delivers on our promise to equip our customers with the ultimate ArcGIS-centric decision support tool for sewer collection and urban drainage systems. Like its predecessors, InfoSWMM V12 sets a new standard for quality and high-performance network modeling and management with unrivaled power, cutting-edge capabilities, rich functionality, and ease of use. From top to bottom, this release is designed for record modeling performance that enables users to increase their productivity and quality while achieving their engineering and business goals.” |
Monday, July 23, 2012
How to Use the H2OMAP SWMM Calibrator for RTK Calibration
Step 5. Final Values with a Rsquare of 0.96 between Observed and Simulated
Sunday, July 22, 2012
How Does a TYPE3 Variable Speed Pump Work in SWMM 5?
Figure 1. How a Pump Flow is Calculated in SWMM 5. |
Figure 2 RTC Rules and Schematic of a TYPE3 Pump in SWMM 5 with Force Mains Added along with three depth settings for a Variable Speed Pump or VSP. |
How Does a TYPE3 Pump Work in SWMM 5?
Figure 1. Connect a Pump to a Force Main by Using a Surcharge Node Depth. |
Figure 2. Define a Force Main Link if you want to use either Hazen-Williams or Darcy-Weisbach for the Friction Loss in the Link. |
Figure 3. A Wet Well at the Upstream End of the Pump can have either a Functional Area or a Tabular Area versus Depth Curve. |
Figure 4 RTC Rules and Schematic of a TYPE3 Pump in SWMM 5 with Force Mains Added. |
How Does a TYPE2 Pump Work in SWMM 5?
Figure 1. RTC Rules and Schematic of a TYPE2 Pump in SWMM 5. |
Saturday, July 21, 2012
How Does a TYPE1 Pump Work in SWMM 5?
Subject: How Does a TYPE1 Pump Work in SWMM 5?
A SWMM 5 Type1 pump is called an offline pump but the name comes from SWMM 4 and the Pump is controlled by volume instead of depth or head as in the SWMM 5 TYPE2, TYPE3 and TYPE4 Pumps. The attached example SWMM 5 model has an offline storage node that pumps flow INTO the Offline Storage unit during high flow and FROM the Offline Storage Unit during low flow. The SWMM 5 Real Time Control (RTC) rules determine which of the two pumps operate based on the flow in an upstream link (Figure 1).
Figure 1. RTC Rules and Schematic of an OffLine Pump in SWMM 5.
|
What are the Types of Force Mains (FM) in SWMM 5?
Subject: What are the Types of Force Mains (FM) in SWMM 5?
There are five ways to model a force main in SWMM 5 for the combination of full and partial flow in the force main (Figure 1):
1. Full Flow using Darcy-Weisbach for the friction loss
2. Full Flow using Hazen-Williams for the friction loss
3. Full Flow using Manning's n for the friction loss
4. Partial Flow uses Manning's n for the friction loss for Force Main Equation options
If you use Darcy-Weisbach or Hazen-Williams then an equivalent Manning's n for a force main that results in the same normal flow value for a force main flowing full under fully turbulent conditions is calculated internally in SWMM 5 in forcemain.c
· Equivalent n for H-W is 1.067 / Hazen-Williams Coefficient * (Full Depth / Bed Slope) ^ 0.04
· Equivalent n for D-W is (Darcy-Weisbach friction factor/185) * (Full Depth) ^ 1/6
Figure 1. Types of Full and Partially Full Force Mains in SWMM 5
|
Thursday, July 19, 2012
How to Subdivide Subcatchments in SWMM 5
Subject: How to Subdivide Subcatchments in
If you want to subdivide a larger Subcatchment in SWMM 5 and get around the same peak flow then a good suggestion would be to make sure that (Figure 1):
1. The sum of the new areas equals the original Subcatchment Area and
2. The sum of the total Width values equals the original Subcatchment Width on the one Subcatchment
3. The infiltration, percent imperviousness, roughness and depression storage should be the same.
Figure 1. Subdividing a Subcatchment
|
Wednesday, July 18, 2012
NPR - How Good Were Climate Models 30 Years Ago?
How Good Were Climate Models 30 Years Ago?
Tuesday, July 17, 2012
How to Easily Make a Smaller Model in InfoSWMM Using Trace Upstream Network
Subject: How to Easily Make a Smaller Model
Step 1. Use the Trace Upstream Network
Step 2. Use the Trace Downstream Network
Step 3. Use Facility Manager to make the Lower Network in the Domain Inactive (Figure 3).
Step 4. Change the Node of Interest from a Manhole to an Outfall
Figure 1. Trace Upstream Network
Figure 2. Put the lower Section of the Network in a Domain
Figure 3. Use Facility Manager to make the Lower Network in the Domain Inactive
|
Monday, July 16, 2012
Sunday, July 15, 2012
Back-to-back La Niñas cooled globe and influenced extreme weather in 2011
Back-to-back La Niñas cooled globe and influenced extreme weather in 2011
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/07/120710111111.htmVideo: Why All Faucet Drips Have the Same Shape
Video: Why All Faucet Drips Have the Same Shape
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/07/video-why-all-faucet-drips-have-.html?rss=1AI Rivers of Wisdom about ICM SWMM
Here's the text "Rivers of Wisdom" formatted with one sentence per line: [Verse 1] 🌊 Beneath the ancient oak, where shadows p...
-
@Innovyze User forum where you can ask questions about our Water and Wastewater Products http://t.co/dwgCOo3fSP pic.twitter.com/R0QKG2dv...
-
Subject: Detention Basin Basics in SWMM 5 What are the basic elements of a detention pond in SWMM 5? They are common in our back...
-
Engine Error Number Description ERROR 101: memory allocation error. ...